Vers des chaînes de valeur agricoles inclusives, écologiques et durables dans les pays ACP

L'objectif de ce livre, qui résume les conclusions de dix-huit chaînes de valeur dans onze pays ACP, est d'identifier les facteurs influençant le développement des chaînes de valeur commerciales. Quels facteurs favorisent les initiatives d'entreprise et la rentabilité ? Lesquels représentent des contraintes ? Destinée aux gouvernements, aux entreprises privées, aux donateurs et aux ONG, cette publication détaillée met l'accent sur la maximisation de l'inclusion des petits exploitants. Elle souligne également certaines initiatives écologiques prises dans les chaînes de valeur étudiées. L'ouvrage se penche sur l'efficacité et la durabilité : les chaînes en question, qui vont de la transformation du caoutchouc au Cameroun à la culture de piments en Jamaïque, en passant par la transformation de la canne à sucre en Ouganda, l'exportation de mangues en Haïti ou encore la culture de la papaye aux Fiji, ont toutes dû faire preuve de leur durabilité ou mettre en évidence leur potentiel de durabilité. Malgré la grande diversité des chaînes de valeur agricoles des pays ACP, il en ressort quelques thèmes dominants. Notamment, les chaînes de valeur créées par une initiative privée se développent jusqu'à finalement exploiter les opportunités du marché. La libéralisation des marchés a des conséquences majeures. L'efficacité peut être améliorée si les petits exploitants établissent des relations de collaboration avec les acteurs d'autres chaînes de valeur. Enfin, l'adoption de nombreuses activités écologiques est actionnée par des mécanismes du marché

Opportunities for sustainable, green and inclusive agricultural value chains in ACP countries

The objective of this book, which summarises the findings of 18 value chains in 11 ACP countries, is to identify the factors affecting commercial value chain development. What factors help entrepreneurial initiatives and commercial viability? Which ones provide constraints? Aimed at governments, private companies, donors and NGOs, this detailed publication places emphasis on maximising the inclusion of smallholders. It also highlights some important green initiatives taken by the value chains studied. The text addresses concerns of efficiency and sustainability: the selected chains – which range from rubber processed in Cameroon to hot peppers grown in Jamaica, from sugarcane milled in Uganda to mangoes exported from Haiti and papaya grown on Fiji – all had to prove to be sustainable or to have the potential to be sustainable. Despite the great diversity of ACP agricultural value chains, a number of strong themes emerge. These include that: value chains established by a private initiative develop to exploit market opportunities; market liberalisation has a major impact; efficiency can be improved when small-scale farmers develop collaborative relationships with other value chain participants; and that the adoption of many green activities is driven by market forces

Developing sustainable, green and inclusive agricultural value chains in the Caribbean and the Pacific Islands

Using evaluations of nine case studies in seven countries, this insightful book aims to draw comparisons between value chains in the Caribbean and the Pacific. Employing a useful summary of key findings, along with tables, maps and figures, the text reviews a wide range of factors affecting commercial value chain development in the two regions. Emphasis is placed on how the chains studied have maximised the inclusion of smallholders and on identifying ways in which they have been able to address sustainability concerns

Labeling Preschoolers as Learning Disabled: A Cautionary Position

The purpose of this article is to explore the issues concerning the adaptation of school-based service delivery concepts for use in early childhood special education programs. The use of categorical labels for determining eligibility for preschool children is not required by law—and may be detrimental. The following concerns are discussed: (a) definitional issues in learning disabilities versus low achievement, (b) the dangers of labeling and low expectation sets, (c) repeated failure to demonstrate movement through a continuum of services (particularly to least restrictive environments), and (d) the efficacy of early intervention and school-based special services for those with mild or suspected developmental disabilities. Research is reviewed concerning definitional and assessment issues utilizing learning disabilities as a construct. Alternatives for describing the characteristics of young children who are significantly at risk or developmentally delayed are provided.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline